Physical Activities Guidelines for Healthy Life Style
Keywords:
Health life style, physical activity, psychological growthAbstract
Physical activities are essential for physical and psychological growth and development. In addition. It strengthens the immune system, which helps to avoid different health problems. Besides the fact that physical activity is a necessity of our daily life, people currently adopt unhealthy living patterns, such as smoking, drug addictions, etc., instead of healthy habits, such as exercise and a healthy diet. This study aimed to evaluate the previous literature and to recommend the most appropriate activities guidelines for communities with different age, gender and demographic attributes. To meet the study's objective, literature available in the concerned research area was gathered and evaluated. The available literature showed that different national and international organizations suggested different guidelines, such as 150 minutes up to 300 minutes of daily physical activities with moderate to vigorous volumes and intensities for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
References
American Heart Association. (2023). Available https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/fitness/fitness-basics/aha-recs-for-physical-activity-in-adults Accessed 15 March 2023
Brown, W. J., Pavey, T., Bauman, A. E. (2015). Comparing population attributable risks for heart disease across the adult lifespan in women. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(16), 1069-1076.
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Available https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/basics/age-chart.html Accessed 15 March 2023
Cox, K. L., Burke, V., Beilin, L. J., Grove, J. R., Blanksby, B. A., Puddey, I. B. (2006). Blood pressure rise with swimming versus walking in older women: the Sedentary Women Exercise Adherence Trial 2 (SWEAT 2). Journal of hypertension, 24(2), 307-314.
Cummings, S. R., Nevitt, M. C., Browner, W. S., Stone, K., Fox, K. M., Ensrud, K. E., Cauley, J., Black, D., Vogt, T. M. (1995). Risk factors for hip fracture in white women. New England journal of medicine, 332(12), 767-773.
Dairy Council of California. (2023). Available https://www.healthyeating.org/nutrition-topics/general/lifestyle/physical-activity Accessed 15 March 2023
De Kam, D., Smulders, E., Weerdesteyn, V., Smits-Engelsman, B. C. M. (2009). Exercise interventions to reduce fall-related fractures and their risk factors in individuals with low bone density: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Osteoporosis International, 20(12), 2111-2125.
Ebrahim, S., Thompson, P. W., Baskaran, V., Evans, K. (1997). Randomized placebo-controlled trial of brisk walking in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Age and ageing, 26(4), 253-260.
Hu, F. B., Willett, W. C., Li, T., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G. A., Manson, J. E. (2004). Adiposity as compared with physical activity in predicting mortality among women. New England Journal of Medicine, 351(26), 2694-2703.
Kelley, G. A., Kelley, K. S. (2001). Aerobic exercise and resting blood pressure in older adults: a meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials.
Kalak, N., Gerber, M., Kirov, R., Mikoteit, T., Yordanova, J., Pühse, U., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., Brand, S. (2012). Daily morning running for 3 weeks improved sleep and psychological functioning in healthy adolescents compared with controls. Journal of Adolescent Health, 51(6), 615-622.
Loprinzi, P. D., Lee, H., Cardinal, B. J. (2015). Evidence to support including lifestyle light-intensity recommendations in physical activity guidelines for older adults. American Journal of Health Promotion, 29(5), 277-284.
Myers, J., Kaykha, A., George, S., Abella, J., Zaheer, N., Lear, S., Yamazaki, T., Froelicher, V. (2004). Fitness versus physical activity patterns in predicting mortality in men. The American journal of medicine, 117(12), 912-918.
National Institute of Diabetics and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (2023). Available https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/weight-management/healthy-eating-physical-activity-for-life Accessed 15 March 2023
Nutrient, F. S. A. (2006) "Food Based Guidelines for UK Institutions." Food Standards Agency 1, 2.
Ngugyen, T. V., Eisman, J. A., Kelly, P. J., Sambroak, P. N. (1996). Risk factors for osteoporotic fractures in elderly men. American journal of epidemiology, 144(3), 255-263.
Piercy, K. L., Troiano, R. P., Ballard, R. M., Carlson, S. A., Fulton, J. E., Galuska, D. A., George, S.M., Olson, R. D. (2018). The physical activity guidelines for Americans. Jama, 320(19), 2020-2028.
Paterson, D. H., Warburton, D. E. (2010). Physical activity and functional limitations in older adults: a systematic review related to Canada's Physical Activity Guidelines. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7(1), 1-22.
Robbins, J., Aragaki, A. K., Kooperberg, C., Watts, N., Wactawski-Wende, J., Jackson, R. D., LeBoff, M.S., Lewis, C.E., Chen, Z., Stefanick, M.L., Cauley, J. (2007). Factors associated with 5-year risk of hip fracture in postmenopausal women. Jama, 298(20), 2389-2398.
Stathokostas, L., Jacob-Johnson, S., Petrella, R. J., Paterson, D. H. (2004). Longitudinal changes in aerobic power in older men and women. Journal of Applied Physiology, 97(2), 781-789.
Tambalis, K. D., Panagiotakos, D., Psarra, G., Sidossis, L. S. (2022). Recommended dairy intake is associated with healthy dietary habits, better physical fitness, less obesity and a healthier lifestyle profile in school age children. British Journal of Nutrition, 1-8.
Warburton, D. E., Bredin, S. S. (2016). Reflections on physical activity and health: what should we recommend?. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 32(4), 495-504.
Warburton, D. E., Charlesworth, S., Ivey, A., Nettlefold, L., Bredin, S. S. (2010). A systematic review of the evidence for Canada's Physical Activity Guidelines for Adults. International journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 7(1), 1-220.
Wilson, T.M., Tanaka, H. (2000). Meta-analysis of the age-associated decline in maximal aerobic capacity in men: relation to training status. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 278, H829–834.
World Health Organization. (2001). The World Health Report 2001: Mental health: new understanding, new hope.
Woolf, A. D., Åkesson, K. (2003). Preventing fractures in elderly people. BMJ, 327(7406), 89-95.
